BPF (Berkeley Packet Filter)

Berkeley Packet Filter—the original bytecode format used for Solana programs, inherited from Linux's eBPF. Programs written in Rust or C are compiled to BPF bytecode and executed in a sandboxed VM. BPF has been superseded by SBF on Solana but the tooling names (BPF Loader, cargo build-bpf) persist for historical reasons.

BPF (Berkeley Packet Filter) é a arquitetura de bytecode na qual programas Solana são compilados antes de rodar no runtime — como o Java bytecode que roda na JVM.

Compilar para BPF com `cargo build-sbf` e analisar o binary permite otimizar tamanho do programa (limite de 1.28MB deployado) e debugar erros de compilação crípticos.

Confundir BPF com SBF (Solana Bytecode Format), o successor. Programas novos usam SBF — a terminologia mudou mas muitas ferramentas ainda referem 'BPF' no nome.