Stake Deactivation

The process of unstaking SOL from a validator, which requires a cooldown period of one epoch before the SOL can be withdrawn. After initiating deactivation, the stake stops earning rewards at the next epoch boundary and enters a cooling-down state. Once the cooldown epoch completes, the SOL becomes available for withdrawal back to the stake authority's wallet. This delay mirrors stake activation and prevents sudden large stake removals from disrupting network stability.