A zero-knowledge proof is a cryptographic protocol by which a prover convinces a verifier that a statement is true — for example, that a state transition is valid — without revealing any information beyond the truth of the statement itself, satisfying the properties of completeness, soundness, and zero-knowledge. In Solana's ecosystem, ZKPs are used by ZK Compression (via Groth16 SNARKs) to prove correct state transitions for compressed accounts without storing full account state on-chain, and by the Token-2022 Confidential Transfers extension (via ElGamal encryption and range proofs) to prove token balances are non-negative without revealing the actual amounts. Solana's BPF VM exposes the alt_bn128 elliptic curve syscall to make on-chain Groth16 proof verification computationally feasible within the 1.4M compute unit budget.
Zero-Knowledge Proofs permitem provar que você sabe um segredo sem revelar o segredo — como provar que você tem mais de 18 anos sem mostrar sua data de nascimento.
ZK proofs no Solana habilitam contas comprimidas (Light Protocol), transfers confidenciais (Token-2022) e rollups de estado eficientes. Use syscalls otimizadas como `alt_bn128`.
Subestimar o custo computacional de verificação de ZK proofs. Verificar uma prova on-chain consome muitos compute units — planeje o orçamento de CUs cuidadosamente.
Sua exploração
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